Basically, Money is a medium for the exchange of property and a tangible instrument for the payment of services. Therefore, Money means "property"; it is a measurement of "value"; and is used as a tool for two parties to benefit by fair exchange in a transaction. The sole purpose of Money is to facilitate the exchange of property and services in a fair manner. But Money is in practice a much more complicated thing: in all its forms, bullion, standard coin, token coin, convertible and inconvertible notes, legal tender and not legal tender, checks, stock, etc., it functions as an instrument of exchange. In brief, economists use to define the "functions" of Money as a medium of exchange, a measure and a store of value and a standard of deferred payment.
For many centuries since antiquity Money has been pegged in one form or another to the value of Gold and Gold was used as a standard measure of exchange. In fact, contrary to some modern perceptions and uses, Gold is neither a commodity nor an investment.
It is not a commodity because Gold has very few practical uses. Commodities are undifferentiated goods produced to satisfy various needs or wants, such as oil, wheat, corn, aluminum, copper, etc., and they are consumed as food or energy or they serve as inputs to other goods demanded for “consumption”. Gold is not “consumed”; it is not an industrial necessity. Practically all gold that has been mined throughout history is being hoarded as a “reserve” in government vaults or is being used as an ornament with no practical value. There is no other real demand for gold. However it is the only metal that does not decay. It is the most stable metal in nature. And it shines beautifully. Therefore, it is a useful and reliable item as a measurement of “value” and it has supported the value of paper money (legal tender) as part of government reserves up to the last century. In modern days it was fixed as the “gold standard” and meant that you may claim a fixed amount of gold in exchange for the legal tender in your hands.
On the other hand, it is not an investment because it is not an instrument that may expand or contract in value in tandem with normal laws of supply and demand and it does not offer a rate of return.
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