Nearly every analysis of energy policy in California, to the extent it delves into the numbers, tends to focus on one variable, CO2. But if you’re just trying to figure out how much energy we use today, where it’s coming from, and where we intend to source the clean energy of tomorrow, data on CO2 emissions is unhelpful. To understand those tradeoffs, you have to talk about units of energy, namely, TBTUs and gigawatt-hours.
So here, using those variables, and in as few words as possible, is a breakdown of where we are, and where CARB intends to take us within just two decades.
Californians today consume roughly 7,000 TBTUs of raw energy inputs per year. That acronym stands for “trillion British Thermal Units.” This variable is often used when measuring and reporting large amounts of energy such as produced or consumed by states or nations. For example, the entire world uses around 600,000 TBTUs per year; the United States uses not quite 100,000 TBTUs per year. That’s how much energy goes into the system. How much of that energy actually turns into useful services?
We are still not very good at converting raw energy inputs into so-called energy services. Estimated end-user consumption of energy in the form of horsepower, heating and cooling, pumping, communicating and computing, etc., is only 2,500 TBTUs per year in California. Approximately one-third of the energy we combust or transmit or electrify is realized by end users, and the other two-thirds ends up as friction, exhaust, and other so-called “parasitic losses.” That’s a lot of wasted fuel.
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