The Fabian strategy takes its name from Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucous, the Roman dictator given the task of defeating the great Carthaginian General Hannibal in southern Italy during the Second Punic War (218-201 BC). Essentially, the Fabian strategy is a military strategy where grand battles and frontal assaults are avoided in favor of wearing down an opponent through a war of attrition and indirection.
The party employing the Fabian strategy believes that time is on its side and badgers the enemy through skirmishes to cause attrition, disrupt supply lines and debilitate morale. To defeat Hannibal, Fabius avoided engaging him in grand battles to deprive Hannibal the propaganda value of major victories and to wear down his endurance. In American history, General George Washington made good use of the Fabian strategy to harass the British, and in Russia the Fabian strategy was used against Napoleon’s Grand Armée.
In 1884, the Fabian Society was founded in London with the explicit goal of advancing socialism via gradual reforms in democracies rather than by revolutionary overthrow. To this day, the Fabian Society exerts significant influence in British politics, for example, former Prime Minister Tony Blair is a member. The Society’s logo is a tortoise representing the group’s preference for a slow, unnoticeable transition to socialism. Interestingly, the original coat of arms of the Fabian Society was a wolf in sheep’s clothing indicating the group’s strategy for achieving its goals.
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