Derechos Humanos / Human Rights

Realidades y recursos en la lucha por los derechos humanos en Cuba

Es muy difícil, si no imposible, contabilizar las violaciones de los derechos humanos en Cuba debido al bloqueo estatal de la información y a las represalias y el hostigamiento de las autoridades contra los que intentan registrar y divulgar los casos que llegan a su conocimiento.

La estrategia represiva del gobierno cubano durante los últimos años se ha basado en un constante acoso que consiste en arrestos violentos, actos de repudio organizados por la policía política mediante "Brigadas de Respuesta Rápida" (turbas paramilitares), viviendas asediadas por horas y a veces días con piedras y palos, cortes en el servicio eléctrico y telefónico, quema de documentos, confiscaciones, allanamientos, golpizas a hombres, niños y mujeres indiscriminadamente, detenciones arbitrarias y secuestros. En los últimos años se ha manifestado una tendencia creciente al aumento de la violencia policial durante las detenciones, a pesar de la actitud sumamente pacífica, como estrategia de resistencia cívica, que siguen disidentes y opositores.

Los que son sometidos a este hostigamiento pueden perder su trabajo o ver que ponen obstáculos a los estudios y a otras oportunidades de progreso personal para sus hijos.

También se les pueden confiscar propiedades personales sin justificación legal alguna. Entre los equipos incautados se encuentran impresoras, computadoras, cámaras fotográficas y de video, estantería, libros, tabletas electrónicas, teléfonos móviles (celulares), CDs y DVDs, memorias flash, papel, tinta, impresos de boletines, ejemplares de periódicos, y materiales de la ONU que los grupos utilizan para informarse e informar al pueblo, como son los folletos de la Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos. En algunos casos se les decomisan muebles, medicamentos y alimentos.

It makes sense to assert that religious freedom is the sine qua non test
for real democracy.  The right to vote, own property and/or associate
freely has little meaning if citizens cannot democratically speak and
act on the basis of their beliefs about the ultimate reality that define
who they are and what it means for them to be living on this Earth

Dec. 10, 2012.─ Religious freedom is described by Wikipedia as "a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or community, in public or private, to manifest religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance; the concept is generally recognized also to include the freedom to change religion or not to follow any religion."

Article 18 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights declares that "Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief [also known as «apostasy»], and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance".

Twenty eight years later the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights entered into force, stating in Article 2 that "Each State Party to the present Covenant undertakes to respect and to ensure to all individuals within its territory and subject to its jurisdiction the rights recognized in the present Covenant, without distinction of any kind, such as race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status."

Article 18 of this Covenant further states that "Everyone shall have the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. This right shall include freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of his choice, and freedom, either individually or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in worship, observance, practice and teaching", and adds that "Freedom to manifest one's religion or beliefs may be subject only to such limitations as are prescribed by law and are necessary to protect public safety, order, health, or morals or the fundamental rights and freedoms of others."

The Declaration and the Covenant would not have been enforceable at the national and international levels without the Protocol to the International Covenant that entered into force on 23 March 1976.  This Protocol gives competence to a UN Human Rights Committee "to receive and consider, as provided in the present Protocol, communications from individuals claiming to be victims of violations of any of the rights set forth in the Covenant", and this Committee should submit periodical reports to the UN Commission on Human Rights to take action.